What do you call the result of multiplying a number by itself a certain number of times?

The result of multiplying a number by itself a certain number of times is referred to as an exponent. In more specific terms, when a base is raised to an exponent, it signifies that the base number is multiplied by itself for the number of times indicated by the exponent. For example, in the expression (a^n), (a) is the base and (n) is the exponent, which tells us to multiply (a) by itself (n) times.

In this context, it is important to distinguish between the terms provided in the other options. A root refers to a value that, when multiplied by itself a certain number of times, gives a specified number. A factor is a number that divides another number without leaving a remainder, and a dividend is a number that is being divided by another number in a division operation. Each of these terms has a specific mathematical meaning, but in the context of multiplying a number by itself, "exponent" is the accurate term to use.